{"id":9555,"date":"2026-10-13T03:20:18","date_gmt":"2026-10-12T19:20:18","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/127.0.0.1:801\/?p=9555"},"modified":"2026-10-13T03:20:18","modified_gmt":"2026-10-12T19:20:18","slug":"%eb%a5%b4-irregular-verbs","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.hanliuquan.com\/?p=9555","title":{"rendered":"\ub974 irregular verbs"},"content":{"rendered":"

Verbs and adjectives with the last syllable \ub974 have a special form when conjugated with all A\/V + \uc544 \/ \uc5b4 \/ \uc5ec patterns.\n<\/p>\n

The choice of \uc544\/\uc5b4 follows the syllable before the final \ub974. The \u3139 is doubled and the \u3161 is dropped. E.g. \ubd80\ub974\ub2e4 becomes \ubd88\ub7ec, and \ub2e4\ub974\ub2e4 becomes \ub2ec\ub77c.\n<\/p>\n

Rule Explanation<\/span><\/h2>\n

\n<\/span>Verb\/Adj Stem with \uc624 \/ \uc544<\/span>
\n<\/h3>\n

If a verb or adjective has a \ub974 as the last syllable in the stem, and will conjugate with \uc544, i.e. A\/V + \uc544 \/ \uc5b4 \/ \uc5ec, and the previous syllable contains an \uc624 or an \uc544, then \ub974 + \uc544 becomes \ub77c and a \u3139 is added to the \ubc1b\uce68 of the previous syllable.\n<\/p>\n

\n<\/span>All other Verb\/Adj Stems<\/span>
\n<\/h3>\n

If a verb or adjective has a \ub974 as the last syllable in the stem, and will conjugate with \uc5b4, i.e. A\/V + \uc544 \/ \uc5b4 \/ \uc5ec, and the previous syllable contains does not have an \uc624 or an \uc544, then \ub974 + \uc5b4 becomes \ub7ec and a \u3139 is added to the \ubc1b\uce68 of the previous syllable.\n<\/p>\n

\n<\/p>\n

Step by Step Example<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
An Example of the Process for Conjugating an Irregular \ub974 Verb\/Adj
\n<\/caption>\n
Step #<\/th>\n\ube60\ub974\ub2e4 (to be quick) + (A\/V + \uc544 \/ \uc5b4 \/ \uc5ec)<\/th>\n\ubaa8\ub974\ub2e4 (to not know) + (A\/V + \uc544 \/ \uc5b4 \/ \uc5ec)<\/th>\n\ubd80\ub974\ub2e4 (to call, to be full) + (A\/V + \uc544 \/ \uc5b4 \/ \uc5ec)<\/th>\n\uc11c\ub450\ub974\ub2e4 (to hurry up) + (A\/V + \uc544 \/ \uc5b4 \/ \uc5ec)\n<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
Step 1: Is the last syllable of the stem \ub974?<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
Yes<\/td>\nYes<\/td>\nYes<\/td>\nYes\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
Step 2: Does the syllable before the \ub974 contain an \uc624 or an \uc544?<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
Yes, contains \uc544:
So add \ub77c<\/td>\n		Yes contains \uc624:
So add \ub77c<\/td>\n		No:
So add \ub7ec<\/td>\n		No:
So add \ub7ec\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
Step 3: Add \u3139 to the \ubc1b\uce68 of the preceding syllable<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\ube68\ub77c<\/td>\n\ubab0\ub77c<\/td>\n\ubd88\ub7ec<\/td>\n\uc11c\ub458\ub7ec\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Example Table<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Conjugation Examples
\n<\/caption>\n
Verb\/Adj<\/th>\nA\/V + (\uc2a4)\u3142\ub2c8\ub2e4<\/th>\nA\/V + \uc544\/\uc5b4\/\uc5ec + \uc694<\/th>\nA\/V + \uc558\/\uc5c8 + \ub2e4<\/th>\nA\/V + (\uc73c)\u3139 \uac70\uc608\uc694\n<\/th>\nA\/V + (\uc73c)\ub2c8\uae4c<\/th>\nA\/V + \uc544\/\uc5b4 + \uc11c<\/th>\nA\/V + (\uc73c)\uba74<\/th>\nA\/V + \uc9c0\ub9cc\n<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
\uac00\ub974\ub2e4 (to divide)\n<\/td>\n\uac00\ub985\ub2c8\ub2e4<\/td>\n\uac08\ub77c\uc694<\/td>\n\uac08\ub790\uc5b4\uc694<\/td>\n\uac00\ub97c \uac70\uc608\uc694<\/td>\n\uac00\ub974\ub2c8\uae4c<\/td>\n\uac08\ub77c\uc11c<\/td>\n\uac00\ub974\uba74<\/td>\n\uac00\ub974\uc9c0\ub9cc\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\uace0\ub974\ub2e4 (to choose)\n<\/td>\n\uace0\ub985\ub2c8\ub2e4<\/td>\n\uace8\ub77c\uc694<\/td>\n\uace8\ub77c\uc694<\/td>\n\uace0\ub97c \uac70\uc608\uc694<\/td>\n\uace0\ub974\ub2c8\uae4c<\/td>\n\uace8\ub77c\uc11c<\/td>\n\uace0\ub974\uba74<\/td>\n\uace0\ub974\uc9c0\ub9cc\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\uad6c\ub974\ub2e4 (to roll)\n<\/td>\n\uad6c\ub985\ub2c8\ub2e4<\/td>\n\uad74\ub7ec\uc694<\/td>\n\uad74\ub800\uc5b4\uc694<\/td>\n\uad6c\ub97c \uac70\uc608\uc694<\/td>\n\uad6c\ub974\ub2c8\uae4c<\/td>\n\uad74\ub7ec\uc11c<\/td>\n\uad6c\ub974\uba74<\/td>\n\uad6c\ub974\uc9c0\ub9cc\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\uae30\ub974\ub2e4 (to bring up)\n<\/td>\n\uae30\ub985\ub2c8\ub2e4<\/td>\n\uae38\ub7ec\uc694<\/td>\n\uae38\ub800\uc5b4\uc694<\/td>\n\uae30\ub97c \uac70\uc608\uc694<\/td>\n\uae30\ub974\ub2c8\uae4c<\/td>\n\uae38\ub7ec\uc11c<\/td>\n\uae30\ub974\uba74<\/td>\n\uae30\ub974\uc9c0\ub9cc\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\ub098\ub974\ub2e4 (to carry)\n<\/td>\n\ub098\ub985\ub2c8\ub2e4<\/td>\n\ub0a0\ub77c\uc694<\/td>\n\ub0a0\ub790\uc5b4\uc694<\/td>\n\ub098\ub97c \uac70\uc608\uc694<\/td>\n\ub098\ub974\ub2c8\uae4c<\/td>\n\ub0a0\ub77c\uc11c<\/td>\n\ub098\ub974\uba74<\/td>\n\ub098\ub974\uc9c0\ub9cc\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\ub204\ub974\ub2e4 (to press)\n<\/td>\n\ub204\ub985\ub2c8\ub2e4<\/td>\n\ub20c\ub7ec\uc694<\/td>\n\ub20c\ub800\uc5b4\uc694<\/td>\n\ub204\ub97c \uac70\uc608\uc694<\/td>\n\ub204\ub974\ub2c8\uae4c<\/td>\n\ub20c\ub7ec\uc11c<\/td>\n\ub204\ub974\uba74<\/td>\n\ub204\ub974\uc9c0\ub9cc\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\ub2e4\ub974\ub2e4 (to be different)\n<\/td>\n\ub2e4\ub985\ub2c8\ub2e4<\/td>\n\ub2ec\ub77c\uc694<\/td>\n\ub2ec\ub790\uc5b4\uc694<\/td>\n\ub2e4\ub97c \uac70\uc608\uc694<\/td>\n\ub2e4\ub974\ub2c8\uae4c<\/td>\n\ub2ec\ub77c\uc11c<\/td>\n\ub2e4\ub974\uba74<\/td>\n\ub2e4\ub974\uc9c0\ub9cc\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\ub450\ub974\ub2e4 (to put around)\n<\/td>\n\ub450\ub985\ub2c8\ub2e4<\/td>\n\ub458\ub7ec\uc694<\/td>\n\ub458\ub800\uc5b4\uc694<\/td>\n\ub450\ub97c \uac70\uc608\uc694<\/td>\n\ub450\ub974\ub2c8\uae4c<\/td>\n\ub458\ub7ec\uc11c<\/td>\n\ub450\ub974\uba74<\/td>\n\ub450\ub974\uc9c0\ub9cc\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\ub9c8\ub974\ub2e4 (to be thirsty)\n<\/td>\n\ub9c8\ub985\ub2c8\ub2e4<\/td>\n\ub9d0\ub77c\uc694<\/td>\n\ub9d0\ub790\uc5b4\uc694<\/td>\n\ub9c8\ub97c \uac70\uc608\uc694<\/td>\n\ub9c8\ub974\ub2c8\uae4c<\/td>\n\ub9d0\ub77c\uc11c<\/td>\n\ub9c8\ub974\uba74<\/td>\n\ub9c8\ub974\uc9c0\ub9cc\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\ubaa8\ub974\ub2e4 (to not know)\n<\/td>\n\ubaa8\ub985\ub2c8\ub2e4<\/td>\n\ubab0\ub77c\uc694<\/td>\n\ubab0\ub790\uc5b4\uc694<\/td>\n\ubaa8\ub97c \uac70\uc608\uc694<\/td>\n\ubaa8\ub974\ub2c8\uae4c<\/td>\n\ubab0\ub77c\uc11c<\/td>\n\ubaa8\ub974\uba74<\/td>\n\ubaa8\ub974\uc9c0\ub9cc\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\ubc14\ub974\ub2e4 (to apply, put on)\n<\/td>\n\ubc14\ub985\ub2c8\ub2e4<\/td>\n\ubc1c\ub77c\uc694<\/td>\n\ubc1c\ub790\uc5b4\uc694<\/td>\n\ubc14\ub97c \uac70\uc608\uc694<\/td>\n\ubc14\ub974\ub2c8\uae4c<\/td>\n\ubc1c\ub77c\uc11c<\/td>\n\ubc14\ub974\uba74<\/td>\n\ubc14\ub974\uc9c0\ub9cc\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\ubd80\ub974\ub2e4 (to call, to be full)\n<\/td>\n\ubd80\ub985\ub2c8\ub2e4<\/td>\n\ubd88\ub7ec\uc694<\/td>\n\ubd88\ub800\uc5b4\uc694<\/td>\n\ubd80\ub97c \uac70\uc608\uc694<\/td>\n\ubd80\ub974\ub2c8\uae4c<\/td>\n\ubd88\ub7ec\uc11c<\/td>\n\ubd80\ub974\uba74<\/td>\n\ubd80\ub974\uc9c0\ub9cc\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\ube60\ub974\ub2e4 (to be fast)\n<\/td>\n\ube60\ub985\ub2c8\ub2e4<\/td>\n\ube68\ub77c\uc694<\/td>\n\ube68\ub790\uc5b4\uc694<\/td>\n\ube60\ub97c \uac70\uc608\uc694<\/td>\n\ube60\ub974\ub2c8\uae4c<\/td>\n\ube68\ub77c\uc11c<\/td>\n\ube60\ub974\uba74<\/td>\n\ube60\ub974\uc9c0\ub9cc\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\uc11c\ub450\ub974\ub2e4 (to hurry)\n<\/td>\n\uc11c\ub450\ub985\ub2c8\ub2e4<\/td>\n\uc11c\ub458\ub7ec\uc694<\/td>\n\uc11c\ub458\ub800\uc5b4\uc694<\/td>\n\uc11c\ub450\ub97c \uac70\uc608\uc694<\/td>\n\uc11c\ub450\ub974\ub2c8\uae4c<\/td>\n\uc11c\ub458\ub7ec\uc11c<\/td>\n\uc11c\ub450\ub974\uba74<\/td>\n\uc11c\ub450\ub974\uc9c0\ub9cc\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\uc624\ub974\ub2e4 (to climb)\n<\/td>\n\uc624\ub985\ub2c8\ub2e4<\/td>\n\uc62c\ub77c\uc694<\/td>\n\uc62c\ub790\uc5b4\uc694<\/td>\n\uc624\ub97c \uac70\uc608\uc694<\/td>\n\uc624\ub974\ub2c8\uae4c<\/td>\n\uc62c\ub77c\uc11c<\/td>\n\uc624\ub974\uba74<\/td>\n\uc624\ub974\uc9c0\ub9cc\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\uc774\ub974\ub2e4 (to be early)\n<\/td>\n\uc774\ub985\ub2c8\ub2e4<\/td>\n\uc77c\ub7ec\uc694<\/td>\n\uc77c\ub800\uc5b4\uc694<\/td>\n\uc774\ub97c \uac70\uc608\uc694<\/td>\n\uc774\ub974\ub2c8\uae4c<\/td>\n\uc77c\ub7ec\uc11c<\/td>\n\uc774\ub974\uba74<\/td>\n\uc774\ub974\uc9c0\ub9cc\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\uc790\ub974\ub2e4 (to cut)\n<\/td>\n\uc790\ub985\ub2c8\ub2e4<\/td>\n\uc798\ub77c\uc694<\/td>\n\uc798\ub790\uc5b4\uc694<\/td>\n\uc790\ub97c \uac70\uc608\uc694<\/td>\n\uc790\ub974\ub2c8\uae4c<\/td>\n\uc798\ub77c\uc11c<\/td>\n\uc790\ub974\uba74<\/td>\n\uc790\ub974\uc9c0\ub9cc\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\uc800\uc9c0\ub974\ub2e4 (to commit (something bad))\n<\/td>\n\uc800\uc9c0\ub985\ub2c8\ub2e4<\/td>\n\uc800\uc9c8\ub7ec\uc694<\/td>\n\uc800\uc9c8\ub800\uc5b4\uc694<\/td>\n\uc800\uc9c0\ub97c \uac70\uc608\uc694<\/td>\n\uc800\uc9c0\ub974\ub2c8\uae4c<\/td>\n\uc800\uc9c8\ub7ec\uc11c<\/td>\n\uc800\uc9c0\ub974\uba74<\/td>\n\uc800\uc9c0\ub974\uc9c0\ub9cc\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\ucc0c\ub974\ub2e4 (to stab)\n<\/td>\n\ucc0c\ub985\ub2c8\ub2e4<\/td>\n\ucc14\ub7ec\uc694<\/td>\n\ucc14\ub800\uc5b4\uc694<\/td>\n\ucc0c\ub97c \uac70\uc608\uc694<\/td>\n\ucc0c\ub974\ub2c8\uae4c<\/td>\n\ucc14\ub7ec\uc11c<\/td>\n\ucc0c\ub974\uba74<\/td>\n\ucc0c\ub974\uc9c0\ub9cc\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\ud750\ub974\ub2e4 (to flow)\n<\/td>\n\ud750\ub985\ub2c8\ub2e4<\/td>\n\ud758\ub7ec\uc694<\/td>\n\ud758\ub800\uc5b4\uc694<\/td>\n\ud750\ub97c \uac70\uc608\uc694<\/td>\n\ud750\ub974\ub2c8\uae4c<\/td>\n\ud758\ub7ec\uc11c<\/td>\n\ud750\ub974\uba74<\/td>\n\ud750\ub974\uc9c0\ub9cc\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\n<\/p>\n

Exceptions<\/span><\/h2>\n

This doesn’t apply for the verbs \ub2e4\ub2e4\ub974\ub2e4, \ub4e4\ub974\ub2e4, \ub530\ub974\ub2e4, \uc6b0\ub7ec\ub974\ub2e4, and \uce58\ub974\ub2e4.\n<\/p>\n

    \n
  • \ub2e4\ub2ec\ub77c, \ub538\ub77c, \uc6b0\ub7f4\ub7ec, \uce60\ub7ec \n

    <\/p>\n

    <\/span>\n<\/li>\n

  • \ub2e4\ub2e4\ub77c, \ub530\ub77c, \uc6b0\ub7ec\ub7ec, \uce58\ub7ec \n

    <\/p>\n

    <\/span>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    \n<\/span>Patterns with \uc5b4\/\uc544<\/span>
    \n<\/h2>\n

    Some other patterns that will deal with the \ub974 irregular form:\n<\/p>\n

      \n
    • A\/V + \uc544\/\uc5b4\/\uc5ec + \uc694<\/li>\n
    • A\/V + \uc558\/\uc5c8 + \ub2e4<\/li>\n
    • A\/V + \uc544\/\uc5b4 + \uc11c<\/li>\n
    • V + \uc544\/\uc5b4 \ubcf4\ub2e4<\/li>\n
    • V + \uc544\/\uc5b4 \uc8fc\ub2e4<\/li>\n
    • V + \uc544\/\uc5b4 \ub193\ub2e4<\/li>\n
    • V + \uc544\/\uc5b4 \ub450\ub2e4<\/li>\n
    • V + \uc544\/\uc5b4 \uac00\ub2e4<\/li>\n
    • V + \uc544\/\uc5b4 \uc624\ub2e4<\/li>\n
    • V + \uc544\/\uc5b4 \uc788\ub2e4<\/li>\n
    • V + \uc544\/\uc5b4 \ubc84\ub9ac\ub2e4<\/li>\n
    • V + \uc544\/\uc5b4 + \ub3c4<\/li>\n
    • V + \uc544\/\uc5b4 + \uc57c<\/li>\n
    • V + \uc544\/\uc5b4 + \uc57c \ub418\ub2e4 \/ V + \uc544\/\uc5b4 + \uc57c \ud558\ub2e4 \/ V + \uc544\/\uc5b4 + \uc57c\uc9c0<\/li>\n
    • V + \uc544\/\uc5b4 + \ub3c4 \ub418\ub2e4 \/ V + \uc544\/\uc5b4 + \ub3c4 \uad1c\ucc2e\ub2e4<\/li>\n
    • V + \uc544\/\uc5b4 \ubd24\uc790<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      Verbs and adjectives with the last syllable \ub974 have a sp…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":9556,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[13],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9555","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kr-open-book"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hanliuquan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9555","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hanliuquan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hanliuquan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hanliuquan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hanliuquan.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=9555"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.hanliuquan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9555\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hanliuquan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/9556"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hanliuquan.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=9555"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hanliuquan.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=9555"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hanliuquan.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=9555"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}