{"id":8788,"date":"2026-10-13T03:19:51","date_gmt":"2026-10-12T19:19:51","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/127.0.0.1:801\/?p=8788"},"modified":"2026-10-13T03:19:51","modified_gmt":"2026-10-12T19:19:51","slug":"%ec%95%84-%ec%96%b4-%ec%97%ac-%ec%9a%94","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.hanliuquan.com\/?p=8788","title":{"rendered":"\uc544\/\uc5b4\/\uc5ec + \uc694"},"content":{"rendered":"
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<\/p>

This topic is covered at Talktomeinkorean.com: lesson 16<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

The A\/V + \uc544\/\uc5b4\/\uc5ec<\/b> form is probably the most important form to learn in Korean and is probably the most frequently used grammar pattern since it can be used as informal polite and informal friendly style amongst friends and people of equal or lower status (by dropping the \uc694 at the end). Also many other grammar patterns depend on the basic conjugation rules of this pattern to form other grammar patters, see Category:\uc544\/\uc5b4\/\uc5ec form for other patterns.\n<\/p>\n

Usages<\/span><\/h2>\n

This basic pattern is probably the most common grammar pattern in Korean.\n<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. It is used for making informal present tense sentences, adding to the end \uc694 makes it become the informal polite form. This can be used to convey your thoughts, a fact or fact to someone else in the present tense. This can also be used for asking a question in the present tense. When asking a question your intonation should go up slightly.<\/li>\n
  2. This pattern can also be used to issue a command (similar to V + \uc544\/\uc5b4 + \ub77c but not as strong) or give a suggestion. It’s best to combine the verb\/adjective stem with the honorific suffix \uc2dc to make it more polite.<\/li>\n
  3. When combined with the words \uac19\uc774 or \ud568\uaed8 you are inviting or suggesting to the listener to do something together.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Notes<\/span><\/h2>\n
      \n
    • Not adding a \uc694 is very informal and called \ubc18\ub9d0, which should only be used with friends, people that are younger than you, and people who are in a lower position than you. This is, however, dependent on the situation, and so may not always be true.<\/li>\n
    • To be more polite the honorific suffix \uc2dc is added to the verb\/adjective stem in many cases.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      Conjugation Rules<\/span><\/h2>\n

      There are three types of basic conjugation rules, the first two depend on whether or not a \uc624 or \uc544 verb appear in the last syllable of the adj\/verb stem. The last rule is simply used for \ud558\ub2e4 verbs. Please note that verbs\/adjectives are put in the dictionary form (ending in -\ub2e4, i.e. \uac00\ub2e4), the stem is \uac00 (part without the \ub2e4).\n<\/p>\n

      \n<\/span>Verb\/Adj Stem + \uc544<\/span>
      \n<\/h3>\n
        \n
      • If the last syllable of the stem contains the vowels \u3157 or \u314f, then \uc544 is added. If it is a stem with no \ubc1b\uce68 like \uac00\ub2e4, then an extra \uc544 isn’t added.<\/li>\n
      • Please note this rule does not apply for \ud558\ub2e4 verbs<\/b>, see the section below for \ud558\ub2e4 adj\/verbs.<\/li>\n
      • Stems that end in \uc624 are often contracted to \uc640 (\uc624 + \uc544 = \uc640), especially in colloquial speech.<\/li>\n
      • Irregular verbs do exist, see the irregular verbs section below for more details.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
        Examples for Verb Stem + \u314f
        \n<\/caption>\n
        Verb\/Adjective<\/th>\nStem<\/th>\nAfter Conjugation<\/th>\nContracted Form<\/th>\nPresent Tense<\/th>\nPast Tense\n<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
        \uac00\ub2e4 (to go)\n<\/td>\n\uac00<\/td>\n\uac00\uc544<\/td>\n\uac00<\/td>\n\uac00(\uc694)<\/td>\n\uac14\uc5b4(\uc694)\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        \uad1c\ucc2e\ub2e4 (to be fine, ok)\n<\/td>\n\uad1c\ucc2e<\/td>\n\uad1c\ucc2e\uc544<\/td>\nN\/A<\/td>\n\uad1c\ucc2e\uc544(\uc694)<\/td>\n\uad1c\ucc2e\uc558\uc5b4(\uc694)\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        \ub180\ub2e4 (to play)\n<\/td>\n\ub180<\/td>\n\ub180\uc544<\/td>\nN\/A<\/td>\n\ub180\uc544(\uc694)<\/td>\n\ub180\uc558\uc5b4(\uc694)\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        \ub9de\ub2e4 (to be right, correct)\n<\/td>\n\ub9de<\/td>\n\ub9de\uc544<\/td>\nN\/A<\/td>\n\ub9de\uc544(\uc694)<\/td>\n\ub9de\uc558\uc5b4(\uc694)\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        \ubcf4\ub2e4 (to see)\n<\/td>\n\ubcf4<\/td>\n\ubcf4\uc544<\/td>\n\ubd10<\/td>\n\ubd10(\uc694) \/ \ubcf4\uc544(\uc694<\/td>\n\ubd24\uc5b4(\uc694) \/ \ubcf4\uc558\uc5b4(\uc694)\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        \uc0ac\ub2e4 (to buy)\n<\/td>\n\uc0ac<\/td>\n\uc0ac\uc544<\/td>\n\uc0ac<\/td>\n\uc0ac(\uc694)<\/td>\n\uc0c0\uc5b4(\uc694)\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        \uc624\ub2e4 (to come)\n<\/td>\n\uc624<\/td>\n\uc624\uc544<\/td>\n\uc640<\/td>\n\uc640(\uc694) \/ \uc624\uc544(\uc694)<\/td>\n\uc654\uc5b4(\uc694) \/ \uc624\uc558\uc5b4(\uc694)\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        \uc88b\ub2e4 (to like)\n<\/td>\n\uc88b<\/td>\n\uc88b\uc544<\/td>\nN\/A<\/td>\n\uc88b\uc544(\uc694)<\/td>\n\uc88b\uc558\uc5b4(\uc694)\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

        \n<\/span>Verb\/Adj Stem + \uc5b4<\/span>
        \n<\/h3>\n
          \n
        • If the last syllable of the stem contains any vowel other than \uc624, \uc544, and is not a \ud558\ub2e4 verb then it becomes an \uc5b4. Note that verb stems with \uc774 turn into a \uc5ec(see next section), it is due to a contraction of \uc774 + \uc5b4 = \uc5ec.<\/li>\n
        • If the last syllable of the stem contains the vowel \uc774 and there’s no \ubc1b\uce68, i.e. \uc2dc\ud0a4\ub2e4, then it becomes a \uc5ec (\uc2dc\ucf1c). The \uc5ec is a result of the contraction between \uc774 + \uc5b4. The contracted form is almost always used in spoken and written Korean. Also note a separate table of examples has been created below for the adj\/verb stems which end in \uc774.<\/li>\n
        • Verbs that end in in the vowel \u3150 don’t get anything conjugated to it, i.e. \ub0b4\ub2e4 \u2192 \ub0b4\uc694.<\/li>\n
        • Irregular verbs do exist, see the irregular verbs section below for more details.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
          Examples for Verb Stem + \u3153
          \n<\/caption>\n
          Verb\/Adjective<\/th>\nStem<\/th>\nAfter Conjugation<\/th>\nContracted Form<\/th>\nPresent Tense<\/th>\nPast Tense\n<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
          \uba39\ub2e4 (to eat)\n<\/td>\n\uba39<\/td>\n\uba39\uc5b4<\/td>\nN\/A<\/td>\n\uba39\uc5b4(\uc694)<\/td>\n\uba39\uc5c8\uc5b4(\uc694)\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          \uc2e0\ub2e4 (to put on shoes\/socks)\n<\/td>\n\uc2e0<\/td>\n\uc2e0\uc5b4<\/td>\nN\/A<\/td>\n\uc2e0\uc5b4(\uc694)<\/td>\n\uc2e0\uc5c8\uc5b4(\uc694)\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          \uc4f0\ub2e4 (to write)\n<\/td>\n\uc4f0<\/td>\n\uc4f0\uc5b4<\/td>\n\uc368<\/td>\n\uc368(\uc694)<\/td>\n\uc37c\uc5b4(\uc694)\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          \uc6b8\ub2e4 (to cry)\n<\/td>\n\uc6b8<\/td>\n\uc6b8\uc5b4<\/td>\nN\/A<\/td>\n\uc6b8\uc5b4(\uc694)<\/td>\n\uc6b8\uc5c8\uc5b4(\uc694)\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          \uc77d\ub2e4 (to read)\n<\/td>\n\uc77d<\/td>\n\uc77d\uc5b4<\/td>\nN\/A<\/td>\n\uc77d\uc5b4(\uc694)<\/td>\n\uc77d\uc5c8\uc5b4(\uc694)\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          \uc7ac\ubbf8\uc788\ub2e4 (to be fun, interesting)\n<\/td>\n\uc7ac\ubbf8\uc788<\/td>\n\uc7ac\ubbf8\uc788\uc5b4<\/td>\nN\/A<\/td>\n\uc7ac\ubbf8\uc788\uc5b4(\uc694)<\/td>\n\uc7ac\ubbf8\uc788\uc5c8\uc5b4(\uc694)\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          \uc8fc\ub2e4 (to give)\n<\/td>\n\uc8fc<\/td>\n\uc8fc\uc5b4<\/td>\n\uc918<\/td>\n\uc918\uc694 \/ \uc8fc\uc5b4(\uc694)<\/td>\n\uc92c\uc5b4(\uc694) \/ \uc8fc\uc5c8\uc5b4(\uc694)\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          \ud06c\ub2e4 (to be big)\n<\/td>\n\ud06c<\/td>\n\ud06c\uc5b4<\/td>\n\ucee4<\/td>\n\ucee4(\uc694)<\/td>\n\ucef8\uc5b4(\uc694)\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          \ud544\uc694\uc5c6\ub2e4 (to be unnecessary)\n<\/td>\n\ud544\uc694\uc5c6<\/td>\n\ud544\uc694\uc5c6\uc5b4<\/td>\nN\/A<\/td>\n\ud544\uc694\uc5c6\uc5b4(\uc694)<\/td>\n\ud544\uc694\uc5c6\uc5c8\uc5b4(\uc694)\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          \ud798\ub4e4\ub2e4 (to be difficult, tiring)\n<\/td>\n\ud798\ub4e4<\/td>\n\ud798\ub4e4\uc5b4<\/td>\nN\/A<\/td>\n\ud798\ub4e4\uc5b4(\uc694)<\/td>\n\ud798\ub4e4\uc5c8\uc5b4(\uc694)\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

          \n<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
          Examples for Verb Stem ending with \u3163 + \uc5b4
          \n<\/caption>\n
          Verb\/Adjective<\/th>\nStem<\/th>\nAfter Conjugation<\/th>\nContracted Form(\uc774 + \uc5b4 = \uc5ec)<\/th>\nPresent Tense<\/th>\nPast Tense\n<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
          \ub0b4\ub9ac\ub2e4 (to descend)\n<\/td>\n\ub0b4\ub9ac<\/td>\n\ub0b4\ub9ac\uc5b4<\/td>\n\ub0b4\ub824<\/td>\n\ub0b4\ub824(\uc694)<\/td>\n\ub0b4\ub838\uc5b4(\uc694)\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          \ub180\ub9ac\ub2e4 (to tease, make fun of)\n<\/td>\n\ub180\ub9ac<\/td>\n\ub180\ub9ac\uc5b4<\/td>\n\ub180\ub824<\/td>\n\ub180\ub824(\uc694)<\/td>\n\ub180\ub838\uc5b4(\uc694)\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          \ub5a8\uc5b4\uc9c0\ub2e4(to fall)\n<\/td>\n\ub5a8\uc5b4\uc9c0<\/td>\n\ub5a8\uc5b4\uc9c0\uc5b4<\/td>\n\ub5a8\uc5b4\uc838<\/td>\n\ub5a8\uc5b4\uc838(\uc694)<\/td>\n\ub5a8\uc5b4\uc84c\uc5b4(\uc694)\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          \uba39\uc774\ub2e4 (to feed)\n<\/td>\n\uba39\uc774<\/td>\n\uba39\uc774\uc5b4<\/td>\n\uba39\uc5ec<\/td>\n\uba39\uc5ec(\uc694)<\/td>\n\uba39\uc600\uc5b4(\uc694)\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          \ubcf4\uc774\ub2e4 (to be seen, visible)\n<\/td>\n\ubcf4\uc774<\/td>\n\ubcf4\uc774\uc5b4<\/td>\n\ubcf4\uc5ec<\/td>\n\ubcf4\uc5ec(\uc694)<\/td>\n\ubcf4\uc600\uc5b4(\uc694)\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          \ubd99\uc774\ub2e4 (to attach, stick)\n<\/td>\n\ubd99\uc774<\/td>\n\ubd99\uc774\uc5b4<\/td>\n\ubd99\uc5ec<\/td>\n\ubd99\uc5ec(\uc694)<\/td>\n\ubd99\uc600\uc5b4(\uc694)\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          \ube60\uc9c0\ub2e4 (to drown)\n<\/td>\n\ube60\uc9c0<\/td>\n\ube60\uc9c0\uc5b4<\/td>\n\ube60\uc838<\/td>\n\ube60\uc838(\uc694)<\/td>\n\ube60\uc84c\uc5b4(\uc694)\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          \uc0ac\ub77c\uc9c0\ub2e4 (to disappear)\n<\/td>\n\uc0ac\ub77c\uc9c0<\/td>\n\uc0ac\ub77c\uc9c0\uc5b4<\/td>\n\uc0ac\ub77c\uc838<\/td>\n\uc0ac\ub77c\uc838(\uc694)<\/td>\n\uc0ac\ub77c\uc84c\uc5b4(\uc694)\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          \uc2dc\ud0a4\ub2e4 (to order)\n<\/td>\n\uc2dc\ud0a4<\/td>\n\uc2dc\ud0a4\uc5b4<\/td>\n\uc2dc\ucf1c<\/td>\n\uc2dc\ucf1c(\uc694)<\/td>\n\uc2dc\ucf30\uc5b4(\uc694)\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          \uc6c3\uae30\ub2e4 (to make a person laugh)\n<\/td>\n\uc6c3\uae30<\/td>\n\uc6c3\uae30\uc5b4<\/td>\n\uc6c3\uaca8<\/td>\n\uc6c3\uaca8(\uc694)<\/td>\n\uc6c3\uacbc\uc5b4(\uc694)\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

          \n<\/span>\uc5ec Verbs\/Adjectives (\ud558\ub2e4)<\/span>
          \n<\/h3>\n
            \n
          • Any verb or adjective that ends in \ud558\ub2e4 falls under this category.<\/li>\n
          • The \ud558 becomes \ud574 due to a contraction with \ud558 and \uc5ec.<\/li>\n
          • The contracted form is used most of the time, especially in colloquial speech. However, \ud558\uc5ec is used mostly in very formal situations.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
            Examples for \ud558\ub2e4 Verbs
            \n<\/caption>\n
            Verb\/Adjective<\/th>\nStem<\/th>\nAfter Conjugation<\/th>\nContracted Form<\/th>\nPresent Tense<\/th>\nPast Tense\n<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
            \uac74\uac15\ud558\ub2e4 (to be healthy)\n<\/td>\n\uac74\uac15\ud558<\/td>\n\uac74\uac15\ud558\uc5ec<\/td>\n\uac74\uac15\ud574<\/td>\n\uac74\uac15\ud574(\uc694)<\/td>\n\uac74\uac15\ud588\uc5b4(\uc694)\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            \uacf5\ubd80\ud558\ub2e4 (to study)\n<\/td>\n\uacf5\ubd80\ud558<\/td>\n\uacf5\ubd80\ud558\uc5ec<\/td>\n\uacf5\ubd80\ud574<\/td>\n\uacf5\ubd80\ud574(\uc694)<\/td>\n\uacf5\ubd80\ud588\uc5b4(\uc694)\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            \uad81\uae08\ud558\ub2e4 (to be curious)\n<\/td>\n\uad81\uae08\ud558<\/td>\n\uad81\uae08\ud558\uc5ec<\/td>\n\uad81\uae08\ud574<\/td>\n\uad81\uae08\ud574(\uc694)<\/td>\n\uad81\uae08\ud588\uc5b4(\uc694)\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            \uc124\uba85\ud558\ub2e4 (to explain)\n<\/td>\n\uc124\uba85\ud558<\/td>\n\uc124\uba85\ud558\uc5ec<\/td>\n\uc124\uba85\ud574<\/td>\n\uc124\uba85\ud574(\uc694)<\/td>\n\uc124\uba85\ud588\uc5b4(\uc694)\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            \uc5f0\ub77d\ud558\ub2e4 (to contact someone)\n<\/td>\n\uc5f0\ub77d\ud558<\/td>\n\uc5f0\ub77d\ud558\uc5ec<\/td>\n\uc5f0\ub77d\ud574<\/td>\n\uc5f0\ub77d\ud574(\uc694)<\/td>\n\uc5f0\ub77d\ud588\uc5b4(\uc694)\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            \uc5f0\uc2b5\ud558\ub2e4 (to practice)\n<\/td>\n\uc5f0\uc2b5\ud558<\/td>\n\uc5f0\uc2b5\ud558\uc5ec<\/td>\n\uc5f0\uc2b5\ud574<\/td>\n\uc5f0\uc2b5\ud574(\uc694)<\/td>\n\uc5f0\uc2b5\ud588\uc5b4(\uc694)\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            \uc608\uc57d\ud558\ub2e4 (to make a reservation)\n<\/td>\n\uc608\uc57d\ud558<\/td>\n\uc608\uc57d\ud558\uc5ec<\/td>\n\uc608\uc57d\ud574<\/td>\n\uc608\uc57d\ud574(\uc694)<\/td>\n\uc608\uc57d\ud588\uc5b4(\uc694)\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            \uc88b\uc544\ud558\ub2e4 (to like)\n<\/td>\n\uc88b\uc544\ud558<\/td>\n\uc88b\uc544\ud558\uc5ec<\/td>\n\uc88b\uc544\ud574<\/td>\n\uc88b\uc544\ud574(\uc694)<\/td>\n\uc88b\uc544\ud588\uc5b4(\uc694)\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            \ud544\uc694\ud558\ub2e4 (to need)\n<\/td>\n\ud544\uc694\ud558<\/td>\n\ud544\uc694\ud558\uc5ec<\/td>\n\ud544\uc694\ud574<\/td>\n\ud544\uc694\ud574(\uc694)<\/td>\n\ud544\uc694\ud588\uc5b4(\uc694)\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            \ud589\ubcf5\ud558\ub2e4 (to be happy)\n<\/td>\n\ud589\ubcf5\ud558<\/td>\n\ud589\ubcf5\ud558\uc5ec<\/td>\n\ud589\ubcf5\ud574<\/td>\n\ud589\ubcf5\ud574(\uc694)<\/td>\n\ud589\ubcf5\ud588\uc5b4(\uc694)\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

            Sentence Examples<\/span><\/h2>\n

            Informal and informal polite present tense:\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
            Korean<\/th>\nEnglish<\/th>\nNotes\n<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
            \uc9d1\uc5d0 \uac00\uc694?\n<\/td>\nAre you going home?\n<\/td>\nInformal polite\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            \ub3c8 \uc788\uc5b4\uc694?\n<\/td>\nDo you have money?\n<\/td>\nInformal polite\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            \uadf8 \uc5ec\uc790\ub294 \uc9c4\uc9dc \uc608\ubed0\uc694.\n<\/td>\nThat girl is really pretty.\n<\/td>\nInformal polite, \uc608\uc058\ub2e4 is an irregular \u3145 adj\/verb.\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            \uc2dc\uac04 \uc788\uc73c\uba74 \uc810\uc2ec \uac19\uc774 \uba39\uc5b4\uc694.\n<\/td>\nIf you have time, let’s eat lunch together.\n<\/td>\nPolite informal\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            \uc774 \ucc45\uc740 \uc7ac\ubbf8\uc5c6\uc5b4.\n<\/td>\nThis book is boring.\n<\/td>\nLow form (\ubc18\ub9d0)\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            \ucca0\uc218\ub294 \uac74\uac15\ud574\uc694.\n<\/td>\nChul Su is healthy.\n<\/td>\nInformal polite\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            \uc6b0\ub9ac \uc544\ubc84\uc9c0\ub294 \uc815\ub9d0 \ubd80\uc9c0\ub7f0\ud574\uc694.\n<\/td>\nMy father is really diligent.\n<\/td>\nInformal polite.\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            \uc6b0\ub9ac \uc5c4\ub9c8\ub97c \uc0ac\ub791\ud574.\n<\/td>\nI love my mom\n<\/td>\nLow form (\ubc18\ub9d0)\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            \uc911\uac04\uace0\uc0ac\uac00 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6cc\uc694.\n<\/td>\nThe midterm exam is difficult.\n<\/td>\nInformal polite, \uc5b4\ub835\ub2e4 is an irregular \u3142 adj\/verb.\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            \uc9c0\uae08 \ubb50 \ud574?\n<\/td>\nWhat are you doing right now?\n<\/td>\nLow form \ubc18\ub9d0\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

            \n<\/p>\n

            Irregular Forms<\/span><\/h2>\n

            Many irregular conjugations exist. See:\n<\/p>\n